\b0 copies to optical disk or magnetic tape all files changed after a certain date in the filesystem. The key specifies the date and other options about the dump. Key consists of characters from the set 0123456789fusdoOWn.\
If no arguments are given, the key is assumed to be 9u and a default file system is dumped to the default tape.\
Dump requires operator intervention on these conditions: end of removable disk or tape, end of dump, removable disk or tape write error, removable disk or tape open error or disk read error (if there are more than a threshold of 32). In addition to alerting all operators implied by the n key, dump interacts with the operator on dump's control terminal at times when dump can no longer proceed, or if something is grossly wrong. All questions dump poses must be answered by typing "yes" or "no", as appropriate.\
Since making a dump involves a lot of time and effort for full dumps, dump checkpoints itself at the start of each tape or removable disk volume. If writing the tape volume fails for some reason, dump will, with operator permission, restart itself from the checkpoint after the old tape has been rewound and removed, and a new tape has been mounted. If writing the removable disk fails for some reason, dump will prompt the operator to restart from the checkpoint after the old removable disk has been ejected and the new removable disk has been inserted.\
Dump tells the operator what is going on at periodic intervals, including usually low estimates of the number of blocks to write, the number of removable disks or tapes it will take, the time to completion, and the time to the disk or tape change. The output is verbose, so that others know that the terminal controlling dump is busy, and will be for some time.\
Dump looks in /etc/swaptab for swapfiles that reside on the filesystem being dumped. If any matches are found, those files are not included in the dump.\
Now a short suggestion on how to perform dumps. Start with a full level 0 dump\
dump 0un
\b0 \
Next, dumps of active file systems are taken on a daily basis, using a modified Tower of Hanoi algorithm, with this sequence of dump levels: 3 2 5 4 7 6 9 8 9 9 ... For the daily dumps, a set of 10 tapes per dumped file system is used on a cyclical basis. Each week, a level 1 dump is taken, and the daily Hanoi sequence repeats with 3. For weekly dumps, a set of 5 OD's or tapes per dumped file system is used, also on a cyclical basis. Each month, a level 0 dump is taken on a set of fresh OD's or tapes that is saved forever.\
DUMPING TO REMOVABLE DISK\
On systems where Workspace Manager is running, the operator should wait intil the Insert Disk panel appears before inserting a disk. Otherwise, autodiskmount(1) will try to mount the disk on behalf of the Workspace Manager.\
For example, to perform a level X dump to the internal floppy disk, use a command of the following form:\
dump XOf 2.6 /dev/rfd0a
\b0 \
DUMPING TO EXABYTE TAPE\
When used with the Exabyte tape drive, one 120-minute 8mm tape will hold 2.131 billion bytes (or 1.985 GB, where "giga" is 1024^3). This is the equivalent of 1,332,183 feet of 1600bpi reel-to-reel tape. So, a dump which wanted to use "almost all" of the Exabyte tape would specify:\
\b dump Xfs... /dev/nrxt0 1200000 ...
\b0 \
(or similarly with /dev/rxt0).
[19@]
CommandOption
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 This number is the `dump level'. All files modified since the last date stored in the file /etc/dumpdates for the same filesystem at lesser levels will be dumped. If no date is determined by the level, the beginning of time is assumed; thus the option 0 causes the entire filesystem to be dumped.
9{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Place the dump on the next argument file instead of the tape or optical disk. If the name of the file is ``-'', dump writes to standard output.
CommandArgument
filename
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
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\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The file to place the dump on
G{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 If the dump completes successfully, write the date of the beginning of the dump on file /etc/dumpdates. This file records a separate date for each filesystem and each dump level. The format of /etc/dumpdates is readable by people, consisting of one free format record per line: filesystem name, increment level and ctime(3) format dump date. /etc/dumpdates may be edited to change any of the fields, if necessary.
}{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The size of the dump tape is specified in feet. The number of feet is taken from the next argument. When the specified size is reached, dump will wait for reels to be changed. The default tape size is 2300 feet.
numfeet
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The number of feet of the dump tape
H{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The density of the tape, expressed in BPI, is taken from the next argument. This is used in calculating the amount of tape used per reel. The default is 1600.
density
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The density of the tape, in BPI
/{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Dump tells the operator what file systems need to be dumped. This information is gleaned from the files /etc/dumpdates and /etc/fstab. The W option causes dump to print out, for each file system in /etc/dumpdates the most recent dump date and level, and highlights those file systems that should be dumped. If the W option is set, all other options are ignored, and dump exits immediately.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Is like W, but prints only those filesystems which need to be dumped.
'{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Whenever dump requires operator attention, notify by means similar to a wall(1) all of the operators in the group "operator".
1{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Specifies that the device to dump to is a removable disk. The NeXT OMD-1 Optical Disk is the default drive when this flag is specified.
E{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 When dumping to an optical or floppy disk, the size of the disk, expressed in megabytes (1048576 bytes), is taken from the next argument, so it's after any more characters in the key. For example, the size of a NeXT OMD-1 Optical Disk is 237 megabytes. You can, and sometimes must, specify a non-integral size; an extended density floppy disk is 2.6 megabytes. See /etc/disktab for information on disk geometry.
disksize
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The size of the destination disk in megabytes
filesystem
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
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\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The filesystem to be dumped
\b0 is used to give commands to a magnetic tape drive. If a tape name is not specified, mt uses the device /dev/rxt0. Note that tapename must reference a raw (not block) tape device. By default mt performs the requested operation once. Operations may be performed multiple times by specifying count. The available commands are listed below. Only as many characters as are required to uniquely identify a command need be specified.Mt returns a 0 exit status when the operation(s) were successful, 1 if the command was unrecognized, and 2 if an operation failed.
[11@]
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
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\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Used to specify a certain tape name
tapename
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
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\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Write count end-of-file marks at the current position on the tape
count
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Write count end-of-file marks at the current position on the tape
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The number of times the command is to be executed
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Forward space count files
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Forward space count records
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Back space count files
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Back space count records
rewind
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Rewind the tape (Count is ignored)
offline
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Rewind the tape and place the tape unit off-line
rewoffl
status
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Print status information about the tape unit
\b0 copies to magnetic tape all files changed after a certain date in the filesystem. The command is identical in operation to dump(8) except the f key should be specified and the file supplied should be of the form machine:device.\
Rdump creates a remote server, /usr/etc/rmt, on the client machine to access the tape device.
\b0 reads tapes dumped with the dump(8) command. Its actions are controlled by the key argument. The key is a string of characters containing at most one function letter and possibly one or more function modifiers. Other arguments to the command are file or directory names specifying the files that are to be restored. Unless the h key is specified (see below), the appearance of a directory name refers to the files and (recursively) subdirectories of that directory.
[13@]
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The tape is read and loaded into the current directory. This should not be done lightly; the r key should only be used to restore a complete dump tape onto a clear file system or to restore an incremental dump tape after a full level zero restore. Thus\
/usr/etc/newfs /dev/rrp0g eagle /usr/etc/mount /dev/rp0g /mnt cd /mnt restore r\
is a typical sequence to restore a complete dump. Another restore can be done to get an incremental dump in on top of this. Note that restore leaves a file restoresymtab in the root directory to pass information between incremental restore passes. This file should be removed when the last incremental tape has been restored. A dump(8) followed by a newfs(8) and a restore is used to change the size of a file system
V{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Restore requests a particular tape of a multi volume set on which to restart a full restore (see the r key above). This allows restore to be interrupted and then restarted.
`{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The named files are extracted from the tape. If the named file matches a directory whose contents had been written onto the tape, and the h key is not specified, the directory is recursively extracted. The owner, modification time, and mode are restored (if possible). If no file argument is given, then the root directory is extracted, which results in the entire content of the tape being extracted, unless the h key has been specified.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The names of the specified files are listed if they occur on the tape. If no file argument is given, then the root directory is listed, which results in the entire content of the tape being listed, unless the h key has been specified. Note that the t key replaces the function of the old dumpdir program.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 This is required when restoring from ejectable media such as floppy or optical disk
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 This mode allows interactive restoration of files from a dump tape. After reading in the directory information from the tape, restore provides a shell like interface that allows the user to move around the directory tree selecting files to be extracted. The available commands are given below
Z{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The next argument to restore is used as the block size of the tape (in kilobytes). If the -b option is not specified, restore tries to determine the tape block size dynamically
blocksize
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The block size of the tape in kilobytes
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The next argument to restore is used as the name of the archive instead of /dev/rmt?. If the name of the file is ``-'', restore reads from standard input. Thus, dump(8) and restore can be used in a pipeline to dump and restore a file system with the command
\b dump 0f /usr | (cd /mnt; restore xf -)
archivename
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The name of the archive (instead of /dev/rmt?)
2{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Normally restore does its work silently. The v (verbose) key causes it to type the name of each file it treats preceded by its file type
J{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Restore will not ask whether it should abort the restore if gets a tape error. It will always try to skip over the bad tape block(s) and continue as best it can
g{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Restore will extract by inode numbers rather than by file name. This is useful if only a few files are being extracted, and one wants to avoid regenerating the complete pathname to the file
D{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Restore extracts the actual directory, rather than the files that it references. This prevents hierarchical restoration of complete subtrees from the tape
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The next argument to restore is a number which selects the file on a multi-file dump tape. File numbering starts at 1
filenum
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The number which selects the file on a multi-file dump tape
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Refers to the files and (recursively) subdirectories of that directory
\b0 is a program used by the remote dump and restore programs in manipulating a magnetic tape drive through an interprocess communication connection. Rmt is normally started up with an rexec(3X) or rcmd(3X) call. The rmt program accepts requests specific to the manipulation of magnetic tapes, performs the commands, then responds with a status indication.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc1\cf1 Open the specified
\i device
\i0 using the indicated
\i mode
\i0 .
\i Device
\i0 is a full pathname and
\i mode
\i0 is an ASCII representation of a decimal number suitable for passing to
\i open
\i0 (2). If a device had already been opened, it is closed before a new open is performed
device
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The device to be opened
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The mode used when opening the
\b device
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc1\cf1 Close the currently open device. The
\i device
\i0 specified is ignored
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The device to be closed
1{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc1\cf1 Perform an
\i lseek
\i0 (2) operation using the specified parameters. The response value is that returned from the
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc1\cf1 If
\i whence
\i0 is L_XTND, the pointer is set to the size of the file plus
\i offset
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Sets the file pointer depending on value
offset
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The number of bytes to be offset
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc1\cf1 Write data onto the open device.
\i Rmt
\i0 reads
\i count
\i0 bytes from the connection, aborting if a premature end-of-file is encountered. The response value is that returned from the
\i write
\i0 (2) call.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The number of bytes to read from the connection
\i0 exceeds the size of the data buffer (10 kilobytes), it is truncated to the data buffer size.
\i Rmt
\i0 then performs the requested
\i read
\i0 (2) and responds with A
\i count
\i0 -
\i read
\i0 \\n if the read was successful; otherwise an error in the standard format is returned. If the read was successful, the data read is then sent
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The number of bytes to read from the open device
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc1\cf1 Perform a MTIOCOP
\i ioctl
\i0 (2) command using the specified parameters. The parameters are interpreted as the ASCII representations of the decimal values to place in the
\i mt
\i0 _
\i op
\i0 and
\i mt
\i0 _
\i count
\i0 fields of the structure used in the
\i ioctl
\i0 call. The return value is the
\i count
\i0 parameter when the operation is successful.
operation
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The ASCII value to place in the
\i mt_op
\i0 field of the structure used in the
\i ioctl
\i0 call
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The ASCII value to place in the
\i mt_count
\i0 field of the structure used in the
\i ioctl
\i0 call
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;}
\pard\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\tx0\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc1\cf1 Return the status of the open device, as obtained with a MTIOCGET
\i ioctl
\i0 call. If the operation was successful, an ``ack'' is sent with the size of the status buffer, then the status buffer is sent (in binary)
\b0 obtains from magnetic tape files saved by a previous dump(8). The command is identical in operation to restore(8) except the f key should be specified and the file supplied should be of the form machine:device.\
Rrestore creates a remote server, /usr/etc/rmt, on the client machine to access the tape device.
\b0 prints its input files with special command lines around them to be used by the shell /bin/sh to extract them later. The output can be filtered through the shell to recreate copies of the original files.\
\b shar
\b0 allows directories to be named, and shar prints the necessary commands (mkdir & cd) to create new directories and fill them. shar will produce commands to make executable plain files executable. shar will not allow existing files to be over-written; such files must be removed by the file extractor.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 All the options. The options: -v -c -b -p <tab>X are implied
O{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Extract files into basenames so that files with absolute path names are put into the current directory. This option has strange effects when directories are archived
u{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Check file size on extraction by counting characters. An error message is reported if the sizes don't match. One reason why the sizes may not match is that shar will append a newline to complete incomplete last lines; shar prints a message that mentions added newlines. Another reason why the sizes may not match is that some network mail programs remove non-whitespace control characters. On extraction, shar prints a message that mentions control characters
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Silent running. All checking and extra output is inhibited
${\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Print verbose feedback messages about what shar is doing. Sizes of plain files are echoed to allow a simple validity check
K{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1152\tx2304\tx3456\tx4608\tx5760\tx6912\tx8064\tx9216\tx10368\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Use this as the ``end of file'' delimiter instead of the default. The only reason to change it is if you suspect an file contains the default delimiter: SHAR_EOF
delim
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\ql\fs24\fi0\li0\gray0\fc0\cf0\up0\dn0 The delimiter to be used
3{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Use this as the prefix to each line of the archived files. This is to make sure that special characters at the start of lines are not eaten up by programs like mailers. If this option is used, the files will be extracted with the stream editor sed rather than cat so it is more efficient and portable to avoid setting the prefix, though perhaps less safe if you don't know what is in the files
prefix
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The prefix to each line of the file
files
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\ql\fs24\fi0\li0\gray0\fc0\cf0\up0\dn0 The input file(s) to be processed
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 tar
\b0 saves and restores multiple files on a single file (usually a magnetic tape, but it can be any file). Tar's actions are controlled by the key argument. The key is a string of characters containing at most one function letter and possibly one or more function modifiers. Other arguments to tar are file or directory names specifying which files to dump or restore. In all cases, appearance of a directory name refers to the files and (recursively) subdirectories of that directory.
[26@]
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The named files are written on the end of the tape. The c function implies this
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be written onto the end of the tape
P{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The named files are extracted from the tape. If the named file matches a directory whose contents had been written onto the tape, this directory is (recursively) extracted. The owner, modification time, and mode are restored (if possible). If no file argument is given, the entire content of the tape is extracted. Note that if multiple entries specifying the same file are on the tape, the last one overwrites all earlier
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be extracted from the tape
>{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The names of the specified files are listed each time they occur on the tape. If no file argument is given, all of the names on the tape are listed.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be listed each time they occur on the tape
%{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The named files are added to the tape if either they are not already there or have been modified since last put on the tape
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be added to the tape if they're not already there or have been modified
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Create a new tape; writing begins on the beginning of the tape instead of after the last file. This command implies r
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 On output, tar normally places information specifying owner and modes of directories in the archive. Former versions of tar, when encountering this information will give error message of the form "<name>/: cannot create". This modifier will suppress the directory information
K{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 This modifier says to restore files to their original modes, ignoring the present umask(2). Setuid and sticky information will also be restored to the super-user
0{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 This modifier selects an alternate drive on which the tape is mounted. The default is drive 0 at 1600 bpi, which is normally /dev/rxt8
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Normally tar does its work silently. The v (verbose) option makes tar print the name of each file it treats preceded by the function letter. With the t function, the verbose option gives more information about the tape entries than just their names
`{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Tar prints the action to be taken followed by file name, then wait for user confirmation. If a word beginning with `y' is given, the action is done. Any other input means don't do it
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Tar uses the next argument as the name of the archive instead of /dev/rxt?. If the name of the file is `-', tar writes to standard output or reads from standard input, whichever is appropriate. Thus, tar can be used as the head or tail of a filter chain. Tar can also be used to move hierarchies with the command cd fromdir; tar cf . | (cd todir; tar xf -)
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The archive's name (instead of /dev/rxt?)
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Tar uses the next argument as the blocking factor for tape records. The default is 20 (the maximum). This option should only be used with raw magnetic tape archives (See f above). The block size is determined automatically when reading tapes (key letters `x' and `t')
blockingfactor
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The blocking factor for tape records
2{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Tells tar to complain if it cannot resolve all of the links to the files dumped. If this is not specified, no error messages are printed
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Tells tar not to restore the modification times. The modification time will be the time of extraction
&{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Force tar to follow symbolic links as if they were normal files or directories. Normally, tar does not follow symbolic links
W{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Forces input and output blocking to 20 blocks per record. This option was added so that tar can work across a communications channel where the blocking may not be maintained
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 If a file name is preceded by -C, then tar will perform a chdir(2) to that file name. This allows multiple directories not related by a close common parent to be archived using short relative path names. For example, to archive files from /usr/include and from /etc, one might use
\b0 is designed to copy magnetic tapes. The only assumption made about the tape is that there are two tape marks at the end. Tcopy with only a source tape specified will print information about the sizes of records and tape files. If a destination is specified, then, a copy will be made of the source tape. The blocking on the destination tape will be identical to that used on the source tape. Copying a tape will yield the same output as if just printing the sizes.
source
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The source tape
destination
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The destination tape
\b0 saves and restores files on DECtape or magtape. Its actions are controlled by the key argument. The key is a string of characters containing at most one function letter and possibly one or more function modifiers. Other arguments to the command are file or directory names specifying which files are to be dumped, restored, or listed. In all cases, appearance of a directory name refers to the files and (recursively) subdirectories of that directory.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The named files are written on the tape. If files with the same names already exist, they are replaced. `Same' is determined by string comparison, so `./abc' can never be the same as `/usr/dmr/abc' even if `/usr/dmr' is the current directory. If no file argument is given, `.' is the default.
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be written to the tape
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 updates the tape. u is like r, but a file is replaced only if its modification date is later than the date stored on the tape; that is to say, if it has changed since it was dumped. u is the default command if none is given
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be written on the tape
%{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Deletes the named files from the tape. At least one name argument must be given. This function is not permitted on magtapes
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be deleted from the tape
Q{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Extracts the named files from the tape to the file system. The owner and mode are restored. If no file argument is given, the entire contents of the tape are extracted
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\ql\fs24\fi0\li0\gray0\fc0\cf0\up0\dn0 The files to be extracted from the tape
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Lists the names of the specified files. If no file argument is given, the entire contents of the tape is listed
filenames
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx533\tx1067\tx1601\tx2135\tx2668\tx3202\tx3736\tx4270\tx4803\tx5337\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be listed
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Specifies magtape as opposed to DECtape
!{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 This modifier selects the drive on which the tape is mounted. For DECtape, x is default; for magtape `0' is the default
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Normally tp does its work silently. The v (verbose) option causes it to type the name of each file it treats preceded by the function letter. With the t function, v gives more information about the tape entries than just the name
t{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 means a fresh dump is being created; the tape directory is cleared before beginning. Usable only with r and u. This option is assumed with magtape since it is impossible to selectively overwrite magtape
%{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Errors reading and writing the tape are noted, but no action is taken. Normally, errors cause a return to the command level
>{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Use the first named file, rather than a tape, as the archive. This option currently acts like m; i.e. r implies c, and neither d nor u are permitted
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\ql\fs24\fi0\li0\gray0\fc0\cf0\up0\dn0 The file to be used as the archive
v{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx1140\tx2300\tx3440\tx4600\tx5760\tx6900\tx8060\tx9200\tx10360\tx11520\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 Causes tp to pause before treating each file, type the indicative letter and the file name (as with v) and await the user's response. Response y means `yes', so the file is treated. Null response means `no', and the file does not take part in whatever is being done. Response x means `exit'; the tp command terminates immediately. In the x function, files previously asked about have been extracted already. With r, u, and d no change has been made to the tape
{\rtf0\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern Courier;}
\margl40
\margr40
\pard\tx520\tx1060\tx1600\tx2120\tx2660\tx3200\tx3720\tx4260\tx4800\tx5320\f0\b0\i0\ulnone\fs24\fc0\cf0 The files to be dumped, restored or listed
(.txt)